strickland



W. R. STRECKLANDa LUBBICATING SYSTEM FOR IMERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION HLED SEPT 16 19l8= Patented July 19, 1921.

2 MEETS-SHEET I fan W;

"W. H. STRiCKLAND. LUBRICATING SYSTEM ron muamrcomsusnou emsms.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT I6, 1918- Patented July 19, 1921.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM R. STRICKLAND. OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO THE PEERLESS MOTOR OAR COMPANY, OF GLEVELAND, OHIO, A. CORPORATION OF OHIO.

1, v LUBRIUATING SYSTEM FOR INERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

s ecification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 19, 1921.

Application filed September 16, 1918. Serial No; 254,272.

To all whom it may) concern:

Be it known that l. \l 'lLLIAM R. S'rlucii LAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of uyahoga and State ofUhio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Lubrieat' ing Systems for l-nternal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear. and exact description.

T his invention relates to internal eombus tion engines, and especially to the lubricating system thereof.

In one aspect, the invention relates to the oil pump which may be termed a double pump, composed of three or more meshing gears, and adapted to receive oil from two sources or points of supply, and to deliver oil through two outlets.

In another aspect. the invention relates to an engine ofthe so-called dry base crankcase having a tank constituting the principal source of supply. with generally no more oil in the crankcase than is constantly thrown oll' r'roin the hearings. and in this connection the invention comprises a lubricating sys tem utilizing the double oil pump together with two inlet. connwtions from the tank and, sump oi the crank-case. and two outlet connections, one leading to the. hearings to be lubricated and the other to the tank. the whole being so arranged that oil will be pumped from both the sump and the tank, keeping the crank-case practically clear of oil, and will be pumped to the bearings and also by an independent passageway to the tank, the passage of oil to and from the pump being such that there is a tendency to maintain the crank-case clear of oil and also a temlcney to maintain the tank filled, as will he explained more in detail in the body of the specification.

The invention may he further briefly summarized as consisting in certain novel details of construclion and combinations and arrangements of parts which will be de scribed in the specification and set forth in the appended claims.

in the accoinpanving sheet ol' drawings. .l igurc is a side view of a portion of an internal combusti n engine equ pped with my invention. parts being roken away: Fig. 2 is a \icw looking at the inside of the lower hall of the :ranlcww': and Fig. 3 is a see lional '\l through the nunp,

ltelerring now t the drawings. in represents the lower half of the crank-case of the engine, which aside from the details of the lubricating system may be of any con struction having the usual crankshaft which is indicated at 11. and the camshaft which is indicated at 12.

At. the lower rear cud ot' the crank-case, and attached thereto by bolts, as is customary. is an oil pump [3, including ill flanged gear housing 14 which is secured to the crank-case. ()rdinarily the ho sing of the pump contains two gears, receivln r oil from one inlet and delivering through an outlet, but in this instance the housing contains three gears, 15. 16 and 17. The gears Hi and. 17 are idler gears driven by the intermediate gear 15, to which is connected a vertical driving shaft 15 which may lee, driven in any suitable manner, but pre e ably from the cam-shalt 12 through gearing indicated conveniently at 15. As is ens tomary, this shaft 15 includes a lower part connected by a slip coupling 18 to the main upper portion so as to permit the ready re movalof the pump, and in this instance the. lower part is inclosed in an upstanding tube 11). secured to the removable part of the pump and flanged at its upper end to pen mit the ready centering and coupling of the two parts. However. the manner of driving the pump. and the method of fastening it to the crank-ease are immaterial to my invention.

The housing of the pump has two inlets designated in Fig. 3, 2t) and 21, the inlet 2H receiving oil from the crank-case sump in any suitable manner. but in this case through a short pipe 22 (see Fig. 1) provided at its inlet end with a strainer 23, which ma be of the conventionaltype. The other inlet 21 receives the oil from an oil supply tank Q-Zl. through a pipe 2? extending from the bottom of the tank and cpnnected to a boss on the side of the pump housing 14. The tank 24 may be located at any point with reference to the engine, and assuming that the system is utilized in connection with the engine of a motor vehicle. for which my in- \eulion is particularly adapted, the tank 24 may he supported on the vehicle at any con vcnicnt place. and at any suitable height will) respect to the engine.

The two outlets of the pump are indicated re pe tively at 26 and 527. The former leads to the hearings of the engine which are to he lubricated, and in this instance, this outlet 26 includes a cored passageway 26 extending beneath the gears of the pum and a vertical passageway 26" exten ing up through the wallet the crank-case structure,

this latter beingindicated in Figs. 1 and 2. The connection may be made between this passageway 26' and the hearings to ,he lubrr outed in any suitable manner, the oil usually being conveyed from this passageway to the oil line of the crank-shaft. The second outlet E27, isconnected to the top of the tank 24 by a pipe 28, suitably attached to a boss at the lower part of the pump.

Additionally the system includes an overflow pipe 29 for the tank 24, this pipe extending from the top of the tank to the lower half of the crank-case as indicated in Fig. 1 and also in Fig. 2, which shows a portion of the overflow pipe.

lhis system operates in the following manner: When the engine is in operation, oil is drawn from the sump to the inlet 20 by the action of the gears 15 and 16, and at the same time it is drawn from the tank 24 to the inlet 21 by the action of the gears 15 and 17. .\t the same time oil is delivered by the pump through the outlet 26 to the bearings and through the outlet 27 back to the tank. But since there are unequal hack pressures or heads opposing the flow through the outlet passageways. this being due to the restricted pasageways through which the oil passes in its course to the various hearings to he lubricated, and due to the fact that there is a certain amount of leakage around the teeth of the pump gears. the How of oil through the two outlets is unequal, a larger percentage of the oil passing to the outlet 27 and back to the tank. than to the outlet 26 leading to the hearings. For example, the oil entering at 2! from the sump passes part with the teeth of gear 16 to the outlet 27 leading to the tank. and part with the the hearings. but in e the outlet for the passage leading to the hearings is closed except for small clearance openings in the hearings themselves. and by a relief valve which maintains a certain fixed pressure, the relatively large back pressure through this outlet 11 ompared with the outlet leading to the tank causes a considerable leakage of oil around the teeth of the gear l5. which leakage increases as the wear on the pump parts increases. in consequence of the oil enter; ing at 3". a larger percentage passes to the outlet 27 and to the tank than to the outlet i3 3 and to the hearings. entering at 21 from the tank pasws part with the teeth of gear ll to the outlet iii leading to the hearings. and part with the te th of gear 15 to the oullel 2i" leading to the tank. and for the same r asons explained llillll'l. namely. because of the unequal back of oil will gradually Similarly. the oil pressures in the two outlets, and the leakage around the teeth, a greater percentage of this oil passes to the tank than to the bearin s.

hese two unbalanced deliveries of oil, due to the difference in pressures or back pressures, always maintain an unbalance in favor of the tank, this unbalancing in quantity being dependent on the clearance be tween the pump housing and the gear teeth. As a matter of fact, however, it is found that this pump operates in the manner explained, even when the pump is new and the fits are as close as a pump can be made to run without sticking. In such case, however, the time element required for emptying the sump if it is filled with oil at the start, is greater than after the clearance between. the gears and the, pump housing has increased, due to wear.

In other words, if a customer fills the tank and also the crankcase, this pump will maintain the tank full and the consumption lower the level of oil in the crank-case until it is empty, and after that will gradually lower the oil level in the tank until it also is empty. Or if the customer fills the tank and Wishes to maintain a dry base crank-case, and starts Without any oil in the crank-ease, the pump will furnish oil from the tank to the hearings under pressure, and the oil then escaping to the sump will he immediately pumped hack to the tank and hearings, the major portion passing to the tank, and the dry base will be maintained as the amount of oil which the pump is capable of handling from sump to tank will in all cases be greater than the amount of oil that the pump will handle from the tank to the bearings.

Having described my invention, I claim: 1. In combination with an engine having a crank-case, a lubricating system and a ,source of sup, y of oilseparate from the teeth of gear [5 to the outlet 26 leading to.

sump of the crank-case, of a double pump comprising a housing and a plurality of gears including a driving gear adapted to be rotated by the engine, and two gears driven thereby, said housing having an inlet leading from the crank-ease. a second inlet lead ing from said source of sup ly, and two outlets, one leading to the hnricating system and the other to said source of supply.-

2. in combination with an internal combustion engine having a lubrioating system and u crank-case receiving oil thrown off from the bearings, 01 a tank constituting a source of supply for oil adapted to be sup plied to the lubricating system, and a pump comprising a housing having three gears. one moshing with another. said housing ha ving two inlets. one extending from the crunlcraso and one from the tank. and two outlets, one adapted to supply oil to the hi hriraiing system and the ol h r to the tank.

3. In combination with an internal combustion engine having a lubricating system, of a source of supply for oil, and an en ine driven pump for supplying oil to the ln ricating system and comprising a chamber containing oil impelling means, said chamber having an inlet connection from said source an outlet connection to the lubricating system, and a second outlet connection to said source. 7 4. In combination with an internal--combustion engine having a lubricating system and a source of oil for said system, of an engine driven pump comprising a chamber containing oil impelling means, said chamher having an inlet connection from the crank-case of the engine, and an inlet connection from said source, and having an outlet connection to the lubricating system, and an outlet connection to said source.

5. In combination with an engine having a lubricating system and a receptacle adapted to supply oil thereto, of an engine driven pump comprising a chamber containing oil lmpelling means, said chamber having an inlet connection with said receptacle, and two outlet connections, one connected to the lubricating system and one leading back to said receptacle and adapted to convey to the receptacle the excess oil not delivered to the system.

6. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a lubricating s stem and an oil receptacle, of an engine riven pum comprising a chamber containing oil lmpe ling means, said chamber having two inlets, one connected to the crank-case and one to the receptacle, and having an outlet connected to the lubricating-system, said impelling means adapted to receive oil from both inlets and to deliver it to the outlet leadin to the lubricating system.

7. Tie combination with an internal combustion engine having a lubricating system and an oil receptacle, of an engine driven pump comprising a chamber containing oil impellin'g means, said chamber having an inlet connected to the receptacle and two outlets, one connected to the lubricating system and the other to the receptacle, the impelling means serving to deliver part of the oil received from the inlet to one outlet, and part to the other outlet.

he combination with an internal combustion engine having a lubricating system and an Oil receptacle, of an engine driven pum comprising ,a chamber containing oil impe ling means, said chamber having two inlets leading respectively from the crank case of the engine and from the receptacle, and having tyvo putlets leading res ectively to the lubricating system and to t e receptacle whereby oil may be delivered by the impelling means from one inlet to both outlets, or from both inlets to each outlet.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

WILLIAM R. STRICKLAND. 

